Caspofungin Acetate (caspofungin acetate)
Last reviewed · Source: First Databank (FDB) drug data
Overview
Caspofungin acetate is a semisynthetic, echinocandin antifungal agent.
Caspofungin acetate, a semisynthetic lipopeptide synthesized from a fermentation product of Glarea lozoyensis, is an echinocandin antifungal agent. Echinocandins (e.g., anidulafungin, caspofungin, micafungin) are glucan synthesis inhibitors and differ structurally and pharmacologically from other currently available antifungal agents.
Like other echinocandins, caspofungin inhibits the synthesis of beta(1,3)-d-glucan, an integral component of the fungal cell wall that is not present in mammalian cells. Depending on the concentration, the drug may be fungicidal against Candida, but usually is fungistatic against Aspergillus.
Following IV infusion of caspofungin acetate over 1 hour, plasma concentrations of caspofungin decline in a polyphasic manner. The drug is extensively (about 97%) protein bound (to albumin), with distribution (rather than excretion or biotransformation) being the predominant mechanism influencing plasma clearance. Caspofungin acetate is slowly metabolized in the liver via hydrolysis and N-acetylation.
Following a single IV dose, 35 and 41% of the dose is eliminated in feces and urine, respectively, as the parent drug and metabolites.
USES: Caspofungin is used to treat a variety of fungal infections. Caspofungin belongs to a class of drugs known as echinocandins. It works by stopping the growth of fungi.
Generic name: caspofungin acetate
Pronunciation: (KAS-poe-FUN-jin)
Reference product & biosimilars
No reference, biosimilar or interchangeable associated with this drug.
Today’s intelligence on Caspofungin Acetate
Indications
The following indications are listed for Caspofungin Acetate:
- Candida Peritonitis
- Candida Pleural Space Infection
- Candidemia
- Esophageal Candidiasis
- Febrile Neutropenic Patient Presumed Infection Treatment
- Intra-Abdominal Candida Abscess
- Refractory Aspergillosis
Also known as: Abdominal Abscess Due To Candida, Candida Pleural Infection, Candida Species Peritonitis, Candida Species Pleural Space Infection, Candida Spp. Peritonitis, Candida Spp. Pleural Space Infection, Empiric Therapy In Febrile Neutropenia, Empiric Therapy Of Infection In Febrile Neutrophilic Leukocytopenia, Empiric Therapy Of Infection In Febrile Neutrophilopenia, Esophageal Candidosis, Esophageal Moniliasis, Intra-Abdominal Candida Spp. Abscess, Intractable Aspergillosis, Presumed Infection In Febrile Neutropenic Patient.
Dosing
Dosage of caspofungin acetate is expressed in terms of the salt.
No dosing information is available for this tab.
No dosing information is available for this tab.
No dosing information is available for this tab.
Drug interactions
There is no enhanced messaging for this drug.
There are no contraindication interactions for this drug.
There are no severe interactions for this drug.
There are no moderate interactions for this drug.
Contraindications
Caspofungin acetate is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity (e.g., anaphylaxis) to the drug or any ingredient in the formulation.
There are no contraindication contraindications for this drug.
There are no severe contraindications for this drug.
There are no moderate contraindications for this drug.
Adverse reactions
Adverse effects reported in 5% or more of patients receiving caspofungin include pyrexia, diarrhea, chills, decreased potassium, increased alkaline phosphatase, decreased hemoglobin, hypotension, respiratory failure, increased ALT, fever, decreased hematocrit, phlebitis, vomiting, rash, increased AST, nausea, headache, increased bilirubin, septic shock, decreased leukocyte count, peripheral edema, cough, pneumonia, increased creatinine, anemia, abdominal pain, dyspnea, increased blood urea, pleural effusion, increased conjugated bilirubin, tachycardia, decreased albumin, decreased magnesium, rales, and sepsis.
There are no severe adverse reactions for this drug.
There are no less severe adverse reactions for this drug.
Precautions
No enhanced messaging available.
Safety and efficacy of caspofungin have not been established in neonates and infants younger than 3 months of age. Although limited pharmacokinetic data are available for this age group, the manufacturer states that data are insufficient to date to establish a safe and effective dosage for treatment of neonatal candidiasis. In addition, invasive candidiasis in neonates has a higher rate of CNS and multi-organ involvement than do such infections in older patients, and data are insufficient to date regarding distribution of caspofungin into the CNS or regarding efficacy in the treatment of meningitis and endocarditis.
Caspofungin has not been evaluated in pediatric patients for the treatment of endocarditis, osteomyelitis, or meningitis caused by Candida or for initial therapy of invasive aspergillosis. The drug also has not been evaluated for use in pediatric patients with hepatic impairment.
Safety and efficacy of caspofungin for use in infants and children 3 months to 17 years of age for treatment of invasive aspergillosis in those refractory to or intolerant of other antifungals; for treatment of candidemia and certain other invasive Candida infections (intra-abdominal abscesses, peritonitis, pleural space infections) or esophageal candidiasis; and for empiric treatment of presumed fungal infections in febrile neutropenic patients is based on adequate and well-controlled studies in adults, pharmacokinetic data in pediatric patients, and additional data from prospective studies in this age group.
The manufacturer states that the overall safety profile of caspofungin in pediatric patients is comparable to that in adults. Adverse effects reported in 7% or more of pediatric patients receiving caspofungin include pyrexia, rash, decreased potassium, increased AST, diarrhea, increased ALT, chills, hypotension, vomiting, tachycardia, mucosal inflammation, hypertension, headache, erythema, central line infection, cough, respiratory distress, hypokalemia, abdominal pain, and pruritus.
Although data are limited, some experts state that caspofungin can be considered for first-line treatment of invasive candidiasis or for alternative treatment of esophageal candidiasis in children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.
Category C. (See Users Guide.)
There are no adequate and well-controlled studies of caspofungin acetate in pregnant women, and the manufacturer states that the drug should be used during pregnancy only if potential benefits justify potential risks to the fetus.
In animals, embryofetal toxicity (increased resorptions, increased peri-implantation loss, incomplete ossification at multiple fetal sites) has been reported with caspofungin dosages about 2 times the recommended human dosage (based on body surface area comparisons).
Caspofungin is distributed into milk in rats; it is not known whether the drug is distributed into milk in humans.
Caspofungin should be used with caution in nursing women.
Dosage adjustments are not necessary in patients 65 years of age or older.
Clinical studies of caspofungin did not include a sufficient number of patients 65 years of age or older to determine whether they respond differently than younger individuals. Although no overall differences in efficacy or safety were observed between geriatric and younger adults, the possibility that some older patients may have increased sensitivity to the drug cannot be ruled out.
Although caspofungin plasma concentrations are increased slightly in men and women 65 years of age and older compared with young healthy males, dosage adjustments are not necessary in geriatric patients.
ICD codes
No ICD codes are available for this drug.
Formulary status
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Last reviewed · Source: First Databank (FDB) drug data
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