Early-stage triple-negative breast cancer

Early-stage triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a malignant neoplasm of the mammary gland confined to the breast tissue and regional lymph nodes (typically stages I to III) without evidence of distant metastasis Pathophysiologically, it is defined by the absence or minimal immunohistochemical expression of estrogen receptors (<1%) and progesterone receptors (<1%), along with a lack of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) overexpression or gene amplification

Early-stage triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a malignant neoplasm of the mammary gland confined to the breast tissue and regional lymph nodes (typically stages I to III) without evidence of distant metastasis

Pathophysiologically, it is defined by the absence or minimal immunohistochemical expression of estrogen receptors (<1%) and progesterone receptors (<1%), along with a lack of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) overexpression or gene amplification This subtype disproportionately affects younger premenopausal women, individuals of African ancestry, and carriers of germline BRCA mutations Clinically, early-stage TNBC is characterized by aggressive histologic features, high tumor proli...

This subtype disproportionately affects younger premenopausal women, individuals of African ancestry, and carriers of germline BRCA mutations

Clinically, early-stage TNBC is characterized by aggressive histologic features, high tumor proliferation rates, and an elevated propensity for early recurrence compared to hormone receptor-positive subtypes