Horizontal forehead lines

Horizontal forehead lines are transverse rhytids in the upper facial skin that primarily affect adult populations as part of intrinsic and extrinsic skin aging With cumulative mechanical folding, loss of dermal collagen and elastin, and progressive skin thinning, these creases transition from dynamic lines seen only during active brow elevation to persistent, static cutaneous furrows at rest Clinically, they present as parallel horizontal grooves extending across the frontal region and are class...

Horizontal forehead lines are transverse rhytids in the upper facial skin that primarily affect adult populations as part of intrinsic and extrinsic skin aging With cumulative mechanical folding, loss of dermal collagen and elastin, and progressive skin thinning, these creases transition from dynamic lines seen only during active brow elevation to persistent, static cutaneous furrows at rest

Pathophysiologically, they develop through repeated contraction of the vertically oriented frontalis muscle, the primary elevator of the brows and upper eyelids With cumulative mechanical folding, loss of dermal collagen and elastin, and progressive skin thinning, these creases transition from dynamic lines seen only during active brow elevation to persistent, static cutaneous furrows at rest Clinically, they present as parallel horizontal grooves extending across the frontal region and are clas...

Pathophysiologically, they develop through repeated contraction of the vertically oriented frontalis muscle, the primary elevator of the brows and upper eyelids