Triple-negative breast cancer

Triple-negative breast cancer is an aggressive subtype of invasive breast malignancy characterized pathologically by the lack of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) overexpression or gene amplification

Triple-negative breast cancer is an aggressive subtype of invasive breast malignancy characterized pathologically by the lack of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) overexpression or gene amplification

Primarily affecting the breast epithelium, this heterogeneous disease occurs disproportionately in younger premenopausal women, individuals carrying germline *BRCA1* mutations, and women of African ancestry Clinically, triple-negative tumors are often high grade with a predominantly basal-like molecular phenotype, exhibiting rapid cellular proliferation, early relapse rates, and a pronounced propensity for visceral and central nervous system metastases

Primarily affecting the breast epithelium, this heterogeneous disease occurs disproportionately in younger premenopausal women, individuals carrying germline *BRCA1* mutations, and women of African ancestry Clinically, triple-negative tumors are often high grade with a predominantly basal-like molecular phenotype, exhibiting rapid cellular proliferation, early relapse rates, and a pronounced propensity for visceral and central nervous system metastases

Primarily affecting the breast epithelium, this heterogeneous disease occurs disproportionately in younger premenopausal women, individuals carrying germline *BRCA1* mutations, and women of African ancestry

Clinically, triple-negative tumors are often high grade with a predominantly basal-like molecular phenotype, exhibiting rapid cellular proliferation, early relapse rates, and a pronounced propensity for visceral and central nervous system metastases Because it lacks these standard therapeutic targets, this disease does not respond to endocrine manipulation or HER2-targeted therapies and instead relies on systemic regimens such as chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or targeted poly(ADP-ribose) polymera...

Because it lacks these standard therapeutic targets, this disease does not respond to endocrine manipulation or HER2-targeted therapies and instead relies on systemic regimens such as chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or targeted poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibition

Because it lacks these standard therapeutic targets, this disease does not respond to endocrine manipulation or HER2-targeted therapies and instead relies on systemic regimens such as chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or targeted poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibition