Vascular access thrombosis

Vascular access thrombosis is an acute or subacute thrombotic occlusion of a hemodialysis circuit or central venous device, commonly involving native arteriovenous fistulas, synthetic arteriovenous grafts, or indwelling venous catheters Most frequently arising in patients with end-stage kidney disease receiving maintenance hemodialysis, it represents a major cause of access failure, treatment interruption, and procedural morbidity Pathophysiologically, the condition is driven by Virchow’s triad,...

Vascular access thrombosis is an acute or subacute thrombotic occlusion of a hemodialysis circuit or central venous device, commonly involving native arteriovenous fistulas, synthetic arteriovenous grafts, or indwelling venous catheters

Vascular access thrombosis is an acute or subacute thrombotic occlusion of a hemodialysis circuit or central venous device, commonly involving native arteriovenous fistulas, synthetic arteriovenous grafts, or indwelling venous catheters Most frequently arising in patients with end-stage kidney disease receiving maintenance hemodialysis, it represents a major cause of access failure, treatment interruption, and procedural morbidity Pathophysiologically, the condition is driven by Virchow’s triad,...

Most frequently arising in patients with end-stage kidney disease receiving maintenance hemodialysis, it represents a major cause of access failure, treatment interruption, and procedural morbidity Clinically, it presents with sudden loss of the palpable thrill and audible bruit over an arteriovenous circuit, inability to aspirate or infuse blood, elevated circuit pressures, or localized extremity swelling

Pathophysiologically, the condition is driven by Virchow’s triad, typically precipitated by venous outflow stenosis secondary to neointimal hyperplasia, localized hemodynamic turbulence, recurrent endothelial injury from venipuncture, or intradialytic hypotension

Clinically, it presents with sudden loss of the palpable thrill and audible bruit over an arteriovenous circuit, inability to aspirate or infuse blood, elevated circuit pressures, or localized extremity swelling