Zevalin (kit for prep yttrium-90/ibritumomab tiuxetan/albumin human)
Last reviewed · Source: First Databank (FDB) drug data
Overview
Ibritumomab, a murine anti-human antigen CD20 monoclonal antibody conjugated with the chelating agent tiuxetan, readily chelates the radioisotopes indium 111 and yttrium 90 and is used as a radioimmunotherapeutic agent.
Ibritumomab, a murine anti-human antigen CD20 monoclonal antibody conjugated with the chelating agent tiuxetan, readily chelates the radioisotopes indium 111 and yttrium 90. Ibritumomab tiuxetan radiolabeled with yttrium 90 (yttrium Y 90 ibritumomab tiuxetan) is used for radioimmunotherapy.
The immunologic component of yttrium Y 90 ibritumomab tiuxetan (ibritumomab) is an IgG1 kappa immunoglobulin containing murine light- and heavy-chain sequences; ibritumomab is the parent murine monoclonal antibody from which the chimeric human-murine anti-human antigen CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab was developed. Like rituximab, ibritumomab binds specifically to antigen CD20 (human B-lymphocyte-restricted differentiation antigen, Bp35), a hydrophobic transmembrane protein located on normal pre-B and mature B lymphocytes; antigen CD20 also is expressed on greater than 90% of B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) but is not found on hematopoietic stem cells, early pre-B cells, normal plasma cells, or other normal tissues. Results of in vitro studies indicate that, following binding of the Fab domain of ibritumomab to antigen CD20, the Fc domain triggers apoptosis of normal and malignant B cells through complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC).
The radioactive component of yttrium Y 90 ibritumomab tiuxetan (yttrium 90) induces cellular damage by forming free radicals in the target and neighboring cells and is responsible for the primary cytotoxic effect of the radioimmunotherapeutic agent.
Following IV injection, binding of ibritumomab tiuxetan has been observed on lymphoid cells of the bone marrow, lymph node, thymus, red and white pulp of the spleen, lymphoid follicles of the tonsil, and lymphoid nodules of other organs (e.g., large and small intestines).
In patients receiving the ibritumomab tiuxetan therapeutic regimen, the mean effective half-life of yttrium 90 activity in blood is 30 hours, and the mean area under the fraction of injected activity-time curve in blood is 39 hours. Approximately 7.2% of the injected dose of yttrium Y 90 ibritumomab tiuxetan is excreted in urine within 7 days.
Rapid and sustained depletion of circulating B cells occurs as a result of the cellular damage of B cells induced by the ibritumomab tiuxetan therapeutic regimen. Following completion of therapy, recovery of B cells begins at approximately 3 months, and median levels of B cells return to normal by 9 months. Median serum concentrations of IgG and IgA remain within the normal range throughout the period of B-cell depletion; median serum IgM concentrations decline to below normal values but return to normal by 6 months following treatment.
USES: This medication is combined with a certain radioactive substance (Yttrium-90) and used along with rituximab to treat a certain type of cancer (B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma) in patients whose cancer has returned or has not responded to other treatments. Ibritumomab tiuxetan and rituximab are known as monoclonal antibodies. They work by killing certain blood and cancer cells from your immune system (B cells).
Yttrium-90 helps kill the cancer cells.
Generic name: kit for prep yttrium-90/ibritumomab tiuxetan/albumin human
Pronunciation: (EYE-bri-TOOM-oh-mab tye-UX-e-tan)
Reference product & biosimilars
No reference, biosimilar or interchangeable associated with this drug.
Today’s intelligence on Zevalin
Indications
The following indications are listed for Zevalin:
- Follicular Lymphoma
- Relapse Or Refractory Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Also known as: Follicular B-Cell Lymphoma, Follicular B-Cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma, Relapse Or Refractory Nhl.
Dosing
The ibritumomab tiuxetan therapeutic regimen is intended for use as a single course of treatment. The regimen consists of 2 low doses of rituximab (to deplete peripheral B lymphocytes and to improve distribution of ibritumomab tiuxetan) and a therapeutic dose of yttrium Y 90 ibritumomab tiuxetan. Biodistribution evaluation (administration of an imaging dose of indium In 111 ibritumomab tiuxetan followed by 2 or 3 whole body scans) previously was required after the first dose of rituximab; however, such evaluation is no longer required as part of the ibritumomab tiuxetan therapeutic regimen.
For the treatment of relapsed or refractory low-grade or follicular B-cell NHL, or for consolidation treatment of newly diagnosed follicular NHL in patients who have achieved partial or complete response to first-line induction chemotherapy, the ibritumomab tiuxetan therapeutic regimen is administered in 2 steps. Step 1 (administered on day 1) involves IV infusion of rituximab. Step 2 (administered on day 7, 8, or 9) consists of a second IV infusion of rituximab, followed within 4 hours by IV injection of yttrium Y 90 ibritumomab tiuxetan.
Step 1 (administered on day 1) begins with IV infusion of a single dose (250 mg/m2) of rituximab, infused at an initial rate of 50 mg/hour. If infusion-related events do not occur, the infusion rate may be increased in increments of 50 mg/hour every 30 minutes to a maximum infusion rate of 400 mg/hour. If severe infusion-related events develop, rituximab infusion should be immediately stopped and the ibritumomab tiuxetan therapeutic regimen discontinued. If less severe infusion-related events develop, rituximab infusion should be temporarily slowed or interrupted; the infusion may be resumed at one-half the previous rate when symptoms improve.
Step 2 (administered on day 7, 8, or 9) begins with a second IV infusion of rituximab (250 mg/m2), infused at an initial rate of 100 mg/hour; the infusion rate may be increased, as tolerated, in increments of 100 mg/hour every 30 minutes to a maximum infusion rate of 400 mg/hour. If infusion-related events developed during administration of the first dose of rituximab (on day 1), the second dose of rituximab should be infused at an initial rate of 50 mg/hour, and the infusion rate should be increased in increments of 50 mg/hour every 30 minutes to a maximum infusion rate of 400 mg/hour. The second rituximab dose should be followed within 4 hours by slow IV injection (over 10 minutes) of yttrium Y 90 ibritumomab tiuxetan at a therapeutic dose of 0.4 mCi/kg (for patients with relapsed or refractory NHL or newly diagnosed NHL who have platelet counts of 150,000/mm3 or greater) or 0.3 mCi/kg (for patients with relapsed or refractory NHL who have platelet counts of 100,000-149,000/mm3). The prescribed, measured, and administered dose of yttrium Y 90 ibritumomab tiuxetan must not exceed the absolute maximum allowable dose of 32 mCi, regardless of the patient's weight.
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No dosing information is available for this tab.
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Drug interactions
No formal drug interaction studies of ibritumomab tiuxetan have been performed.
There are no contraindication interactions for this drug.
There are no severe interactions for this drug.
There are no moderate interactions for this drug.
Contraindications
The manufacturer states that there are no contraindications to the use of ibritumomab tiuxetan.
There are no contraindication contraindications for this drug.
There are no severe contraindications for this drug.
There are no moderate contraindications for this drug.
Adverse reactions
Adverse effects occurring in 10% or more of patients receiving the ibritumomab tiuxetan therapeutic regimen include cytopenias (e.g., thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, anemia ), fatigue, nasopharyngitis, nausea, abdominal pain, asthenia, cough, diarrhea, and pyrexia.
Because the ibritumomab tiuxetan therapeutic regimen includes the use of rituximab, the prescribing information for rituximab also should be consulted for detailed information on the safety profile of this drug.
There are no severe adverse reactions for this drug.
There are no less severe adverse reactions for this drug.
Precautions
No enhanced messaging available.
Safety and efficacy of the ibritumomab tiuxetan therapeutic regimen have not been established in children younger than 18 years of age.
Category D. (See Users Guide.) (See Fetal/Neonatal Morbidity and Mortality under Warnings/Precautions: Other Warnings and Precautions, in Cautions.)
Category D. (See Users Guide.) (See Fetal/Neonatal Morbidity and Mortality under Warnings/Precautions: Other Warnings and Precautions, in Cautions.)
Because human immunoglobulin G (IgG) is distributed into milk, it is expected that ibritumomab tiuxetan would be present in milk. Because of the potential for adverse reactions to yttrium Y 90 ibritumomab tiuxetan in nursing infants, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or not administer the ibritumomab tiuxetan therapeutic regimen, taking into account the importance of the regimen to the woman.
Of the 349 patients with relapsed or refractory NHL receiving the ibritumomab tiuxetan therapeutic regimen in clinical studies, 38% were 65 years of age or older and 12% were 75 years of age or older. Of the 206 patients with newly diagnosed NHL receiving the ibritumomab tiuxetan therapeutic regimen as consolidation therapy in the controlled clinical study, 14% were 65 years of age or older and 2% were 75 years of age or older.
No overall differences were observed between geriatric and younger patients in clinical studies; however, the possibility that some older patients may exhibit increased sensitivity to the ibritumomab tiuxetan therapeutic regimen cannot be ruled out.
ICD codes
No ICD codes are available for this drug.
Formulary status
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Last reviewed · Source: First Databank (FDB) drug data
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