Anxiety

Anxiety is an emotional and neurophysiological state marked by apprehension, tension, and excessive worry regarding anticipated, future-oriented threats or stressors Primary manifestations involve the central nervous and autonomic nervous systems, often emerging across pediatric, adolescent, and adult populations as either an acute response or a chronic psychiatric disturbance

Anxiety is an emotional and neurophysiological state marked by apprehension, tension, and excessive worry regarding anticipated, future-oriented threats or stressors Pathophysiologically, it is characterized by dysregulation within cortico-limbic circuits—particularly involving the amygdala, prefrontal cortex, and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis—alongside altered neurotransmission involving gamma-aminobutyric acid, serotonin, and norepinephrine

Primary manifestations involve the central nervous and autonomic nervous systems, often emerging across pediatric, adolescent, and adult populations as either an acute response or a chronic psychiatric disturbance

Pathophysiologically, it is characterized by dysregulation within cortico-limbic circuits—particularly involving the amygdala, prefrontal cortex, and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis—alongside altered neurotransmission involving gamma-aminobutyric acid, serotonin, and norepinephrine

Clinically, this state produces persistent cognitive hypervigilance accompanied by sympathetic hyperactivity, including tachycardia, diaphoresis, muscle tension, restlessness, and sleep disturbances

Clinically, this state produces persistent cognitive hypervigilance accompanied by sympathetic hyperactivity, including tachycardia, diaphoresis, muscle tension, restlessness, and sleep disturbances