Diabetic coma

Diabetic coma is a life-threatening endocrine and neurological emergency characterized by a profound, unarousable state of unconsciousness occurring in individuals with diabetes mellitus This clinical state represents an advanced decompensation triggered by severe, uncontrolled glycemic dysregulation, primarily impacting the central nervous system, cardiovascular stability, and systemic fluid-electrolyte balance

Diabetic coma is a life-threatening endocrine and neurological emergency characterized by a profound, unarousable state of unconsciousness occurring in individuals with diabetes mellitus

This clinical state represents an advanced decompensation triggered by severe, uncontrolled glycemic dysregulation, primarily impacting the central nervous system, cardiovascular stability, and systemic fluid-electrolyte balance

Pathophysiologically, it encompasses three distinct etiologies: profound neuroglycopenia from severe hypoglycemia, metabolic ketoacidosis with cellular dehydration in diabetic ketoacidosis, or hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state marked by extreme hyperglycemia, profound osmotic diuresis, and severe serum hyperosmolality Left uncorrected, the resulting cerebral metabolic collapse or cerebral edema leads to irreversible neurological injury or death

Pathophysiologically, it encompasses three distinct etiologies: profound neuroglycopenia from severe hypoglycemia, metabolic ketoacidosis with cellular dehydration in diabetic ketoacidosis, or hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state marked by extreme hyperglycemia, profound osmotic diuresis, and severe serum hyperosmolality

Left uncorrected, the resulting cerebral metabolic collapse or cerebral edema leads to irreversible neurological injury or death