Heart failure associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Heart failure associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus is a high-risk cardiovascular complication characterized by the inability of the heart to maintain adequate systemic perfusion or to do so only under elevated filling pressures in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Heart failure associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus is a high-risk cardiovascular complication characterized by the inability of the heart to maintain adequate systemic perfusion or to do so only under elevated filling pressures in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus These interrelated mechanisms drive myocardial fibrosis, adverse ventricular remodeling, and impaired diastolic and systolic function, substantially increasing the risk of cardiovascular mortality and hospitalizations

Heart failure associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus is a high-risk cardiovascular complication characterized by the inability of the heart to maintain adequate systemic perfusion or to do so only under elevated filling pressures in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus These interrelated mechanisms drive myocardial fibrosis, adverse ventricular remodeling, and impaired diastolic and systolic function, substantially increasing the risk of cardiovascular mortality and hospitalizations

Affecting the cardiovascular and metabolic systems, this clinical state can manifest across preserved, mildly reduced, or reduced left ventricular ejection fraction phenotypes

Affecting the cardiovascular and metabolic systems, this clinical state can manifest across preserved, mildly reduced, or reduced left ventricular ejection fraction phenotypes

Pathophysiologically, persistent hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and insulin resistance induce myocardial lipotoxicity, advanced glycation end-product accumulation, systemic microvascular inflammation, and neurohormonal overactivation These interrelated mechanisms drive myocardial fibrosis, adverse ventricular remodeling, and impaired diastolic and systolic function, substantially increasing the risk of cardiovascular mortality and hospitalizations

Pathophysiologically, persistent hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and insulin resistance induce myocardial lipotoxicity, advanced glycation end-product accumulation, systemic microvascular inflammation, and neurohormonal overactivation

Pathophysiologically, persistent hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and insulin resistance induce myocardial lipotoxicity, advanced glycation end-product accumulation, systemic microvascular inflammation, and neurohormonal overactivation

These interrelated mechanisms drive myocardial fibrosis, adverse ventricular remodeling, and impaired diastolic and systolic function, substantially increasing the risk of cardiovascular mortality and hospitalizations