Hyperprolactinemia

Hyperprolactinemia is an endocrine disorder characterized by abnormally elevated circulating levels of prolactin, a polypeptide hormone synthesized and secreted by the anterior pituitary gland Pathophysiologically, the condition commonly arises from prolactin-secreting pituitary adenomas (prolactinomas), loss of hypothalamic dopaminergic inhibition due to stalk disruption or dopamine receptor antagonist medications, primary hypothyroidism, or renal clearance impairment Elevated prolactin suppres...

Hyperprolactinemia is an endocrine disorder characterized by abnormally elevated circulating levels of prolactin, a polypeptide hormone synthesized and secreted by the anterior pituitary gland

Pathophysiologically, the condition commonly arises from prolactin-secreting pituitary adenomas (prolactinomas), loss of hypothalamic dopaminergic inhibition due to stalk disruption or dopamine receptor antagonist medications, primary hypothyroidism, or renal clearance impairment

Elevated prolactin suppresses hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone pulsatility, resulting in hypogonadism and reproductive dysfunction across both sexes Clinical manifestations typically include galactorrhea, oligomenorrhea, amenorrhea, and infertility in females, as well as decreased libido, erectile dysfunction, gynecomastia, and subfertility in males