Multiple endocrine neoplasia

Multiple endocrine neoplasia refers to a group of rare, inherited autosomal dominant syndromes characterized by the development of benign or malignant tumors in two or more endocrine glands Clinically, affected individuals present with manifestations of hormonal excess and tumor mass effect, frequently including hyperparathyroidism, medullary thyroid carcinoma, and pheochromocytoma depending on the specific syndrome classification

Multiple endocrine neoplasia refers to a group of rare, inherited autosomal dominant syndromes characterized by the development of benign or malignant tumors in two or more endocrine glands Primarily affecting hormone-producing tissues, these disorders commonly involve the parathyroid glands, pituitary gland, endocrine pancreas, thyroid gland, and adrenal glands

Multiple endocrine neoplasia refers to a group of rare, inherited autosomal dominant syndromes characterized by the development of benign or malignant tumors in two or more endocrine glands

Primarily affecting hormone-producing tissues, these disorders commonly involve the parathyroid glands, pituitary gland, endocrine pancreas, thyroid gland, and adrenal glands Clinically, affected individuals present with manifestations of hormonal excess and tumor mass effect, frequently including hyperparathyroidism, medullary thyroid carcinoma, and pheochromocytoma depending on the specific syndrome classification

Pathophysiologically driven by germline variants—most notably in tumor suppressor genes such as *MEN1* or proto-oncogenes such as *RET*—these conditions lead to cellular hyperplasia, neoplastic transformation, and autonomous hormone hypersecretion

Pathophysiologically driven by germline variants—most notably in tumor suppressor genes such as *MEN1* or proto-oncogenes such as *RET*—these conditions lead to cellular hyperplasia, neoplastic transformation, and autonomous hormone hypersecretion