Organ transplant rejection

Organ transplant rejection is a complex immunologic complication in solid organ transplant recipients, occurring when the host immune system recognizes human leukocyte antigens on the donor allograft as foreign and mounts an alloimmune attack

Organ transplant rejection is a complex immunologic complication in solid organ transplant recipients, occurring when the host immune system recognizes human leukocyte antigens on the donor allograft as foreign and mounts an alloimmune attack Rejection can affect any transplanted solid organ, including the kidney, liver, heart, lung, or pancreas, and is classically categorized by onset and pathophysiology as hyperacute, acute, or chronic

Rejection can affect any transplanted solid organ, including the kidney, liver, heart, lung, or pancreas, and is classically categorized by onset and pathophysiology as hyperacute, acute, or chronic

Pathophysiologically, it is mediated through cellular mechanisms via alloreactive T lymphocytes, humoral mechanisms via donor-specific antibodies, or both, which induce microvascular inflammation, endothelial injury, parenchymal destruction, or progressive interstitial fibrosis

Pathophysiologically, it is mediated through cellular mechanisms via alloreactive T lymphocytes, humoral mechanisms via donor-specific antibodies, or both, which induce microvascular inflammation, endothelial injury, parenchymal destruction, or progressive interstitial fibrosis

Pathophysiologically, it is mediated through cellular mechanisms via alloreactive T lymphocytes, humoral mechanisms via donor-specific antibodies, or both, which induce microvascular inflammation, endothelial injury, parenchymal destruction, or progressive interstitial fibrosis Clinically, it manifests as graft-specific functional impairment, such as rising serum creatinine or abnormal liver biochemistries, often accompanied by systemic signs like fever, graft tenderness, or malaise

Clinically, it manifests as graft-specific functional impairment, such as rising serum creatinine or abnormal liver biochemistries, often accompanied by systemic signs like fever, graft tenderness, or malaise