Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia

Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia is an opportunistic, potentially life-threatening lower respiratory tract infection caused by the atypical fungus *Pneumocystis jirovecii* The disease predominantly affects immunocompromised individuals, most notably people living with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, solid organ or hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients, and patients receiving systemic immunosuppressive therapies such as high-dose cort...

Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia is an opportunistic, potentially life-threatening lower respiratory tract infection caused by the atypical fungus *Pneumocystis jirovecii* Clinically, it manifests as progressive dyspnea, nonproductive cough, fever, and hypoxemia, typically accompanied by bilateral interstitial infiltrates on pulmonary imaging

The disease predominantly affects immunocompromised individuals, most notably people living with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, solid organ or hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients, and patients receiving systemic immunosuppressive therapies such as high-dose corticosteroids or chemotherapy

Pathophysiologically, the organism adheres to type I alveolar epithelial cells, triggering diffuse alveolar damage and an intra-alveolar foamy, eosinophilic exudate that impairs gas exchange