Real-world outcomes of ustekinumab, vedolizumab, and tumor necrosis factor inhibitors in very-early-onset inflammatory bowel disease: a multi-center cohort study.
Background Very-early-onset inflammatory bowel disease (VEO-IBD), representing cases diagnosed before age 6 years, is increasing in prevalence. Although VEO-IBD often presents as severe, treatment-resistant disease requiring biologic agents, studies showing the effectiveness of biologics, such as ustekinumab (UST) and vedolizumab (VDZ), remain limited. Methods We retrospectively analyzed patients with VEO-IBD treated for at least a year from 13 institutions in Japan, evaluating clinical cours...