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Physicians Office Resource's authored articles and clinical reviews, alongside curated literature and news for practical point-of-care guidance and insight.

Showing 265–276 of 2,098 articles

PubMed

Glial Cell Mechanisms in Alzheimer's Disease Pathology and Progress in Biomarker Research.

Abstract Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder in older adults and is increasingly recognized as a systems-level disease involving dynamic dysfunction and crosstalk among multiple glial cell populations. Microglia, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes play distinct but interconnected roles across the AD continuum. Microglia respond to amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau pathology by adopting disease-associated phenotypes that contribute to neuroinflammation, complement-dependent...

Articles
Li L, Zhang YB, Zhang RZ, Xie WT, Wang Y, Zhao YR, Wei YT, Ma C, Yan XK•
PubMed

Integrated Machine Learning and Experimental Validation Identify Shared Aging-Related Molecular Signatures in Alzheimer's Disease and Osteoporosis.

Background Aging is a key biological driver implicated in the initiation and progression of both Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and Osteoporosis (OP). However, the shared aging-related molecular alterations underlying these disorders remain incompletely understood. Methods Transcriptomic datasets of AD and OP, together with curated aging-related genes (ARGs), were systematically collected. Differential expression analysis was conducted using the limma algorithm, followed by weighted gene co-express...

Articles
Guo X, Guo Z, Peng T, Pan J, Zhang M, Ye X, Wen J, Liu X, Li Y, Lin X•
PubMed

Visuospatial orienting in working memory is preserved in adults with ADHD symptoms.

People with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are reported to have pervasive deficits in working memory (WM), yet mechanistic explanations for such deficits are lacking. Research suggests that attentional mechanisms such as reward-based prioritisation and visuospatial orienting are intact in this population (Atkinson et al., 2025; Superbia-Guimarães et al., 2022, 2023). To further examine these mechanisms, we investigated the hypotheses that deficient visuospatial orienting during...

Articles
Superbia-Guimarães L, Atkinson AL, Allen RJ, Camos V•
PubMed

AI-derived cardiothoracic structures and coronary artery calcification volumes on non-contrast CT as predictors of mortality in pulmonary hypertension.

Objective To assess the prognostic value of AI-derived cardiothoracic structures and coronary artery calcification volumetric measurements in pulmonary hypertension (PH) using non-gated, non-contrast CT. Materials and methods Patients with suspected PH who underwent non-gated, non-contrast chest CT and right heart catheterisation within one month were retrospectively identified from the Assessing the Spectrum of PH Identified at a Referral Centre (ASPIRE) registry. Two validated deep learning...

Articles
Alnasser TN, Hokmabadi A, Sharkey M, Kiely DG, Alabed S, Swift AJ•
PubMed

Occupational Exposure to Petroleum-Derived Lubricants and Risk of Multiple Sclerosis.

Background and Objectives Lung irritants such as smoking and organic solvents are established risk factors of multiple sclerosis (MS), with effects influenced by genetic susceptibility, particularly leukocyte antigen (HLA) DRB1*15:01 and HLA-A*02:01. Petroleum-derived lubricants represent another widespread occupational exposure with potential inflammatory properties, yet their contribution to MS etiology remains unclear. This study investigated associations between occupational exposure to pet...

Articles
Hedström AK, Olsson T, Alfredsson L•
PubMed

Open-IBD: protocol for a longitudinal multi-omics inception cohort in inflammatory bowel disease.

Abstract Introduction The clinical course of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is highly heterogeneous, yet the biological mechanisms underlying this variability, along with robust predictive biomarkers of disease course and treatment response, remain elusive. Most existing multi-omic cohorts recruit patients after IBD diagnosis and following therapeutic exposure, limiting the ability to distinguish between primary disease biology and downstream consequences of chronic inflammation and/or treat...

Articles
Mulligan RJ, Cotobal Martin C, Allerton DM, Strickland M, Bibby I, Fachal L, Watson H, Bates G, Beck LC, Ahmad T, Blackwell J, Dart RJ, Dong C, Doona M, Doyle J, Fouweather T, Gemmell E, Hall R, Irving PM, Jacques K, Kennedy NA, King AT, Lee JC, Lees CW, Lees RD, Lindsay JO, Masi AC, Palmer-Jones C, Parkes GC, Parkes M, Patel KV, Povlsen S, Powell N, Prichard J, Raine T, Roberts C, Samuel E, Speight RA, Subramanian S, Reis P, Vayreda E, Wyatt NJ, Open-IBD Collaborators, Stewart CJ, Young GR, McGregor N, Anderson CA, Lamb CA•
PubMed

Cancer Immunotherapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Current Drug Strategies, Resistance, Biomarkers, and Future Directions.

Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) usually develops in a chronically inflamed, fibrotic, and immunologically tolerogenic liver. This context shapes antitumor immunity, competing liver-related mortality, and access to subsequent therapy. As hepatic reserve, disease etiology, and regional treatment patterns differ substantially across patients and healthcare settings, immunotherapy outcomes are correspondingly heterogeneous. Immune-checkpoint inhibitors have transformed systemic treatment th...

Articles
Zhong SS, Yu Y, Zhong XH, Xie J, Liu MS•
PubMed

Beyond anticoagulation: defining the role of left atrial appendage closure in stroke prevention for atrial fibrillation.

Abstract Oral anticoagulation has a very strong evidence base for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) at elevated thromboembolic risk. Direct oral anticoagulants have improved the safety and convenience of treatment, yet important limitations remain, including residual ischaemic stroke, major bleeding, treatment discontinuation, and patient refusal. Left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) offers an alternative strategy for selected patients by excluding the principal anatom...

Articles
Camm AJ•
PLOS

Correction: Hyperoxygenation Attenuated a Murine Model of Atopic Dermatitis through Raising Skin Level of ROS

Notice of Republication This article was republished on October 19, 2026 to correct the author list and remove Yeo Kyong Lee from the byline. Please download this article again to view the correct version. The originally published, uncorrected article and the republished, corrected article are provided here for reference. Supporting information S1 File Originally published, uncorrected article. (PDF) S2 File Republished, corrected article. (PDF)

Articles
The PLOS One Editors•
PLOS

PIVKA-II and hematological parameters in hepatocellular carcinoma and non-malignant chronic liver disease: A case-control biomarker comparison in a hepatitis-endemic population

Background: Early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains challenging in hepatitis-endemic settings such as Pakistan, where surveillance commonly relies on ultrasonography and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), both of which have limited sensitivity for early-stage disease. This study evaluated the diagnostic performance of serum Protein Induced by Vitamin K Absence or Antagonist-II (PIVKA-II), complete blood count (CBC) parameters, and CBC-derived hematological indices for discriminating HCC...

Articles
Muhammad Sameer Hashmi, Muhammad Aqif Ilyas•
PLOS

Correction: Diagnostic accuracy of digital technologies compared with 12-lead ECG in the diagnosis of atrial fibrillation in adults: A protocol for a systematic review

The fourth author’s initials appear incorrectly in the citation. The correct citation is: Sheron VA, Surenthirakumaran R, Gooden TE, Lip GYH, Thomas GN, J. Moore D, et al. (2024) Diagnostic accuracy of digital technologies compared with 12-lead ECG in the diagnosis of atrial fibrillation in adults: A protocol for a systematic review. PLoS ONE 19(5): e0301729. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0301729 .

Articles
Vethanayagam Antony Sheron, Rajendra Surenthirakumaran, Tiffany E. Gooden, Gregory Y. H. Lip, G. Neil Thomas, David J. Moore, Krishnarajah Nirantharakumar, Balachandran Kumarendran, Kumaran Subaschandran, Shribavan Kanesamoorthy, Powsiga Uruthirakumar, Mahesan Guruparan, on behalf of the NIHR Global Health Research Group on Atrial Fibrillation Management•
PLOS

Pain, sensory acceptability, and treatment compliance following cryotherapy and topical anesthetics in children: A randomized clinical trial

: This randomized clinical trial aimed to compare the effects of cryotherapy, anesthetic spray, and gel on pain, anxiety, physiological responses, taste acceptability, and treatment compliance in children aged 7–10 years undergoing their first dental treatment. 100 healthy children were randomly allocated into four groups: 10% lidocaine spray, 20% benzocaine gel, cryotherapy with distilled water cooled to +4 °C, and lidocaine spray cooled to +4 °C. Following topical application, buccal infiltrat...

Articles
Emine Zehra Aydın Çetin, Bilal Özmen•