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Physicians Office Resource's authored articles and clinical reviews, alongside curated literature and news for practical point-of-care guidance and insight.

Showing 553–564 of 2,098 articles

PubMed

Deciphering the effects of aging on Alzheimer’s disease based on mitochondrial dysfunction and neuroinflammation.

Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a neurological disorder characterized by progressive deterioration of cognitive function, has complex pathogenic mechanisms and lacks curative therapies with proven efficacy. Aging and inflammatory responses, which play indispensable roles in the onset and progression of AD, are closely intertwined with mitochondrial dysfunction. During aging, a series of degenerative alterations, including accumulated mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations, excessive mitochondrial reactiv...

Articles
Luo Y, Yu H, Zhang J, Wu Z, Zhang H•
PubMed

Speech and sMRI as multimodal biomarkers for early detection of Alzheimer’s disease using machine learning, deep learning, and transformer-based models.

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and its prodromal stage, MCI are typically diagnosed using cerebrospinal fluid analysis and amyloid positron emission tomography procedures that are invasive, costly, and poorly suited to population-scale screening. Speech and structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) have emerged as complementary non-invasive alternatives: speech captures the real-time functional consequences of neurodegeneration on lexical retrieval, semantic organization, and prosody, while structu...

Articles
Ramineni V, Khan FF, Kim JH, Kwon GR•
PubMed

Association of systemic inflammation indices with severe cognitive impairment in Chinese Han patients with Alzheimer’s disease: a cross-sectional study of NLR, PLR, SII, and SIRI.

Objective The relationship between systemic inflammatory markers and cognitive impairment severity in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and additional composite inflammatory indices—platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI)—with severe cognitive impairment (SCI) in Chinese Han patients with AD. Methods This cros...

Articles
Wang Y, Lin L, Xu C, Zheng Y, Zhu Q•
PubMed

Development and evaluation of an integrated clinical nutrition management system for inpatients.

Background Malnutrition is highly prevalent in hospitalized patients. Standardized nutritional interventions have been associated with improved clinical outcomes and reduced healthcare expenditures. Fragmented workflows, challenges in interdisciplinary coordination, and the absence of structured digital decision support often compromise the quality of nutritional care for hospitalized patients. Consequently, a dedicated information system that integrates nutrition data and decision support into...

Articles
Shan H, Zhou Q, Hu W, He Y, Jiang H, He W, Dai H•
PubMed

Bariatric surgery-induced gut microbiota remodeling and innate immune activation: implications for gastrointestinal cancer immunotherapy.

Bariatric and metabolic surgery (MBS)—primarily sleeve gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass—provides a unique human model for evaluating how profound immunometabolic rewiring alters cancer susceptibility and therapeutic responsiveness. Beyond weight loss, post-surgical anatomical reconfiguration permanently reshapes the gut microbial ecosystem, alters enterohepatic bile acid circulation, and attenuates systemic meta-inflammation. This review synthesizes emerging evidence linking post-bariatr...

Articles
Shen B, Luo Y, Tang X, Hu Z, He Q, Wang L•
PubMed

Warfarin anticoagulation control and risks of cerebral small vessel disease and cognitive impairment among elderly patients with ischemic stroke and atrial fibrillation: a retrospective cohort study.

Objective This study applied individual exposure metrics derived from population pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PopPK/PD) modelling to investigate the associations between warfarin anticoagulation quality, cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) burden, and cognitive outcomes among older adults with ischemic stroke and non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). Methods We included 300 patients aged ≥65 years with ischemic stroke and AF who had received warfarin for ≥3 months between January and...

Articles
Zhao D, He W, Shen Z, Tan C, Zhang M•
PLOS

Factors associated with the optimal uptake of intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy with sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine: The experiences of postpartum women attending child welfare clinics in three rural districts in the Western Region of Ghana

Background: Intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy with sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine (IPTp-SP) is a key preventive strategy. However, optimal uptake remains inconsistent despite high antenatal care (ANC) attendance. This study assessed factors associated with optimal IPTp-SP uptake and explored the experiences of postpartum women in rural Ghana. Methods: A convergent parallel mixed-method study was conducted among 1,155 postpartum women attending child welfare clinics in Jomoro, Prestea-Hun...

Articles
Gifty Amugi, Daniel Tetteh Agudey, Nana Mireku Gyimah, Pius Mensah, Isaac Kwarkye, Gabriel Yelkoang Gozie Yengliereh, Kofi Jean Claude, Bryony Brookman-Eshun, Sylvester Chinbuah•
PLOS

Oxidative stress-driven cellular heterogeneity in Knee Osteoarthritis: scRNA-seq pinpoints SPP1 and CYBA for diagnostic development

Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a progressive degenerative joint disease characterized by cartilage degeneration, synovial inflammation, and subchondral bone remodeling. Oxidative stress plays a critical role in KOA pathogenesis. This study aimed to identify oxidative stress–related hub genes by integrating single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) with machine learning to uncover potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for KOA. ScRNA-seq data from KOA cartilage tissues were obtained from the G...

Articles
Yijiang Liu, Yiman Chi, Jiefeng Yin, Jun Yao•
PLOS

Beyond mid-thigh: Ultrasound assessment of hamstring muscle architecture at multiple muscle lengths in relation to strength

Objectives: To investigate the relationship between ultrasound-based muscle architecture parameters and isometric knee flexor muscle strength in healthy individuals, and to evaluate whether distal (25%) and proximal (75%) measurement sites differ in their ability to reflect muscle strength compare to the commonly used mid-thigh (50%) region. Methods: Isometric muscle strength was measured in 20 healthy (22.15 ± 2.41 y; 8 females, 12 males) participants using a hand-held dynamometer. Ultrasound p...

Articles
Gulsah Karaca Yilmaz, Ali Cihan Dagli, Omer Batin Gozubuyuk, Nazif Ekin Akalan, Sergen Devran, Meryem Merve Oren Celik, Bulent Bayraktar•
PLOS

Heart rate and blood pressure variability, and baroreflex sensitivity, during heat exposure in persons with type 2 diabetes and hypertension

The autonomic nervous system regulates cardiovascular homeostasis during stressors such as heat, but the effects of type 2 diabetes (T2D) with hypertension on such responses are unclear. Twenty male participants (10 with type 2 diabetes and hypertension and 10 age-matched healthy controls; mean ages 64 ± 4.14 and 63 ± 5.42 years) underwent a 90-minute whole-body heat exposure at 40 °C and 50% relative humidity. Heart rate variability (HRV), baroreflex sensitivity (BRS), and blood pressure variab...

Articles
Mojdeh Rafieian, Erlend Hoftun Farbu, Anje Christina Höper, Rasmus Valtonen, Mika Kallio, Henna Hyrkäs-Palmu, Craig Crandall, Tiina Maria Ikäheimo•
PLOS

Stroke knowledge and intended care-seeking behavior among adults with hypertension and type 2 diabetes: A cross-sectional study

Background: Stroke health literacy refers to the ability of non-medical individuals to recognize stroke symptoms and make timely decisions, which is critical for improving outcomes. However, data on stroke knowledge and intended care-seeking behavior in Bogotá, Colombia, remain limited. Objective: To assess stroke symptom knowledge and intended care-seeking behavior among adults with hypertension and type 2 diabetes and to identify sociodemographic predictors of limited knowledge and suboptimal...

Articles
Luisa Fernanda Alviz, Juan Diego Oyola, Juan Diego Martinez-Lemus, Javier Alexander Perez-Lopez, Mariana Medina-Soler, Jaime Eduardo Rodriguez, John Benavides, Carlos Martinez, Claudio Jimenez•