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Physicians Office Resource's authored articles and clinical reviews, alongside curated literature and news for practical point-of-care guidance and insight.

Showing 541–552 of 2,098 articles

PubMed

Reward Prediction-Error Fidelity: a testable hypothesis linking reinforcement learning mechanisms to applied behavior analysis for autism and neurodevelopmental conditions.

Applied behavior analysis (ABA) has developed an effective technology of reinforcement delivery, including Discrete Trial Training, Natural Environment Teaching, and token economies, largely on functional-behavioral grounds. Computational neuroscience has independently produced formal accounts of reinforcement learning centered on prediction errors and credit assignment. I propose a testable hypothesis connecting the two: the effectiveness of a reinforcement procedure depends on the quality of t...

Articles
Cesarano SGD•
PubMed

Sex differences in the association of overweight/obesity with asthma and lung function in adolescents aged 10–18 years: a meta-analysis.

Objective The global prevalence of overweight, obesity, and asthma in adolescents has increased rapidly. However, previous studies have reported inconsistent correlations between adiposity and respiratory indicators, and only a few meta-analyses have focused on sex-based disparities. In this study, we systematically assessed the associations of overweight and obesity with asthma and pulmonary function among adolescents aged 10–18 years and explored sex differences. Methods This study followed...

Articles
Wang S, Zhang Y, Huang X, Tian Y•
PubMed

Case Report: When infection wears a rheumatic mask: probable systemic brucellosis mimicking seronegative inflammatory arthritis with sicca symptoms and suspected cervical spondylitis.

Background Brucellosis is a zoonotic infection with protean manifestations. Osteoarticular disease is common, but presentation as seronegative inflammatory arthritis with sicca symptoms, generalized lymphadenopathy, and cervical spondylitis may be mistaken for autoimmune rheumatic disease. Case presentation A 58-year-old male cattle farmer presented with intermittent chills, sicca symptoms, symmetric polyarthritis, weight loss, anemia, hypoalbuminemia, and elevated inflammatory markers. Autoi...

Articles
Zou Y, Zhang J, Zhang X, Zhang Q, Zhang L, Yu R, Long T, Li J, Zhang Y, Li SG•
PubMed

Diagnostic performance and reported diagnostic thresholds of serum and synovial host-response biomarkers for periprosthetic joint infection in patients with inflammatory arthritis: protocol for a systematic review and diagnostic test accuracy meta-analysis.

Background Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) can sometimes be difficult to diagnose in patients with inflammatory arthritis because autoimmune disease activity and immunomodulatory treatment can alter systemic and synovial inflammatory responses. Diagnostic thresholds derived predominantly from patients with osteoarthritis may therefore produce false-positive or false-negative classifications in this population. Recent rheumatoid arthritis-specific cohorts and studies of synovial host-respon...

Articles
Chen J, Zhou Q, Zhang Y, Chen J, Zheng X, Ye F•
PubMed

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis: a narrative review of age-dependent, subtype-specific immune mechanisms, biomarkers, and treatment strategies.

Background Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and adult rheumatoid arthritis (RA) share chronic inflammatory arthritis, but their biological drivers and implications vary by developmental stage and phenotype. JIA arises during immune and skeletal maturation and encompasses heterogeneous conditions, whereas adult RA develops after skeletal maturity. Existing reviews have considered the diseases separately or focused on polyarticular JIA, leaving uncertain which adult RA-derived mechanisms, biom...

Articles
Sheng W, Yang X, Yu Z, Yang Y, Chen H, Cheng Y, Wang W•
PubMed

The relationship between perceived AI replacement threat and employment anxiety among English-major undergraduates: the mediating role of career insecurity and the moderating role of career decision-making self-efficacy.

Background Concerns over possible employment displacement among undergraduates majoring in English have been raised by the growing use of artificial intelligence in writing, translation, and language services. However, limited research has examined the association between perceived AI replacement threat (PAIRT) and employment anxiety among English-major undergraduates or the roles of career insecurity and career decision-making self-efficacy (CDMSE). Methods This cross-sectional study surveye...

Articles
Zhang S, Zheng H•
PubMed

Behavioral and psychosocial indicators for depression and anxiety risk stratification among college students: development and external validation of a machine-learning-assisted framework.

Background Depression and anxiety symptoms are common among college students. Behavioral and psychosocial indicators may support preventive campus mental health work, but risk-stratification frameworks require external validation. Methods We developed a construct-level model-explanation framework using questionnaire data from a development sample. The cleaned dataset included 1,267 students; internal-validation analyses included 1,096 students for depression risk and 1,095 for anxiety risk. R...

Articles
Mao K, He Y, Yin X, Lin L, Zheng Y, Hu G•
PubMed

The association between large language model dependence and academic anxiety among nursing students: statistical indirect associations through artificial intelligence addiction and academic burnout.

Background Increasing use of large language models in nursing education has raised questions about the association between reliance on these tools and academic distress. This study examined direct and specific indirect associations between large language model dependence (LMD) and academic anxiety (AA) through artificial intelligence addiction (AIA) and academic burnout (AB). Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted from March to April 2026 among 473 nursing students in Guangdong Provin...

Articles
Li T, Ye Q, Dong J, Yan Y•
PubMed

Antibiotic and growth factor-loaded hydrogels for infected bone defect repair: mechanisms of spatiotemporal delivery and cellular microenvironment regulation.

The treatment of infected bone defects (IBDs) requires simultaneous infection control and bone regeneration. However, traditional staged treatment protocols have several limitations. These include extended treatment durations, multiple surgical procedures, and low repair efficiency. Bifunctional hydrogels loaded with antibiotics and growth factors (GFs) offer a crucial material platform for integrated treatment strategies. These hydrogels possess excellent biocompatibility, malleability, and the...

Articles
Chen L, Zhang X, Luo L, Lan J, Deng X, Wen Y, Li L•
PubMed

Probiotics for the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea: an umbrella review and second-order meta-analysis of 21 systematic reviews covering 170 unique randomized controlled trials.

Background Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) is a common adverse event of antimicrobial therapy. Probiotics have been investigated for the prevention of AAD, but the evidence remains heterogeneous and fragmented. We conducted an umbrella review and second-order meta-analysis to comprehensively evaluate the efficacy and safety of probiotics for AAD prevention. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, CINAHL, CENTR...

Articles
Xi F, Xu C, Li P, Zhou S, Liu J, Zhou S, Wang Y, Yu J•
PubMed

Rationally tailored antibiotic selection circumvents toxin-mediated evasion of killing in Mycobacterium abscessus.

Among clinically important non-tuberculous mycobacteria, Mycobacterium abscessus (Mab) has a large and highly dynamic accessory genome within an open pangenome, contributing traits that enhance drug resistance, bacterial persistence, stress survival, metabolic flexibility, and/or virulence. Defining how accessory loci promote survival during antimicrobial exposure is essential for understanding why Mab frequently evades killing by standard drug regimens and for improving therapeutic outcomes. We...

Articles
Amin NH, Troian EA, Woychik NA•
PubMed

Gastrodin combined with donepezil alleviates cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer’s disease mice by improving mitochondrial function through AMPK/PGC-1α/SIRT3 axis.

Objective This study aims to explore whether gastrodin (Gas) combined with donepezil (Don) has a neuroprotective effect on Alzheimer’s disease (AD) mice by regulating the AMPK/PGC-1α/SIRT3 signaling axis. Methods HT22 cells were transfected with SIRT3 siRNA or control siRNA. Cells were then treated with the AMPK inhibitor, Don, Gas, or their combination. Subsequently, HT22 cells were treated with Amyloid beta 1–42 (Aβ 1–42) to induce an in vitro AD model. Cell viability was detected by CCK8 a...

Articles
Wang J, Wu J, Liang F, Huang S, Liu L, Huang Y, Wang Y•