Clinical intelligence & editorial.

PubMed

Automated Cerebral Edema Detection using Electroencephalography in Post-Cardiac Arrest Patients.

Aim: To develop an electroencephalography (EEG) based machine learning model to identify diffuse cerebral edema in post-cardiac arrest patients and to evaluate its ability to predict edema prior to radiographic detection. Methods: We performed a retrospective, single-center cohort study of adult patients resuscitated from cardiac arrest (2016-2024) who underwent both neuroimaging and EEG monitoring as part of routine clinical care. Machine learning models using Transformer and Long Short-Term...

Cerebral Edema

Stafford RA, Srivastava V, Altaf AZ, Mallinger LA, Reinert AL, Madipally SSK, Salvati LR, Wahlster S, Chen D, Gilmore EJ, Greer DM, Cheng H, Ong C• January 19, 2026

PubMed

Factors linked to extramarital sex and its relationship with HIV infection: a cross-sectional analytical study in Southwestern Uganda.

Background The rising prevalence of extramarital sexual networking has led to increasing susceptibility to HIV infection among married couples. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of extramarital sex among married individuals in Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital, the factors linked to it and its relationship with HIV. Methods Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Participants were clients seeking HIV testing at a tertiary hospital in southwestern Ugand...

Hiv Infection

Asiimwe P, Nambozi G, Kamoga R• January 19, 2026

PubMed

Rps19 (R67∆) mutation creates a model of Diamond-Blackfan anemia and reveals downstream mediators of p53 pathway.

Abstract Diamond–Blackfan anemia (DBA) is a rare bone marrow failure syndrome accompanied by cardiovascular, skeletal, and urogenital abnormalities. Most of the affected individuals carry mutations in ribosomal proteins, including RPS19, a component of the 40S ribosomal subunit. We developed a transgenic Rps19 mouse model harboring a deletion of conserved R67 that displays a variable phenotype ranging from mild hematopoietic defects to severe anemia and a set of other skeletal, muscular, and ca...

Diamond Blackfan Anemia

Kokavec J, Turková T, Schuster B, Prochazka J, Spoutil F, Jamrichová K, Holečková M, Chalupský K, Beck IM, Ruberte J, Vale M, Čermák L, Stopka T, Sedlacek R• January 19, 2026

PubMed

Targeting ST18-mediated pathomechanism in pemphigus vulgaris through voltage-dependent anion channel inhibition.

Abstract Background Pemphigus vulgaris (PV), a severe mucocutaneous blistering disease, results from autoantibody-mediated destabilization of epidermal cell–cell adhesion. A functional risk variant at the ST18 locus was found to promote epidermal ST18 expression. Increased ST18 expression was found to aggravate the deleterious effect of PV autoantibodies in part through induction of p53-mediated proapoptotic pathways. The voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) is a key regulator of mitochondri...

Pemphigus

Assaf S, Sarig O, Ishtewy R, Zoabi Y, Feller Y, Malovitski K, Mohamad J, Bergson S, Bilu C, Shoshan-Barmatz V, Shomron N, Vodo D, Samuelov L, Sprecher E• January 19, 2026

PubMed

Baseline characteristics and response to evinacumab in females and males with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia in the ELIPSE OLE study.

Aim Evinacumab is an ANGPTL-3 inhibitor developed for the treatment of homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HoFH), a rare condition characterized by extremely elevated LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels and premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Despite important sex-related disparities in lipid metabolism, females are still underrepresented in trials, limiting the generalizability of results. With 116 patients, of which 49 % were females, the ELIPSE-OLE study has the largest cohort...

Hypercholesterolemia

Brisson D, Wiegman A, Waldron A, Kainth P, Raal FJ, Gaudet D• January 19, 2026

PubMed

A Modified Staged Three-Level Pedicle Subtraction Osteotomy Approach for Severe Ankylosing Spondylitis Using CT Navigation and Ultrasonic Bone Scalpel.

Pedicle subtraction osteotomy (PSO) is a well-established technique for correcting rigid spinal deformities but remains technically demanding and carries notable risks. We describe a modified three-level PSO technique utilizing CT-guided navigation and an ultrasonic bone scalpel in a patient with severe sagittal imbalance secondary to ankylosing spondylitis. The procedure achieved satisfactory deformity correction with maintained clinical and radiographic improvement at 24 months. While further...

Ankylosing Spondylitis

Masarwa R, Palliyil NS, Al-Kalbani S, Akil H, Najjar E, Quraishi NA• January 19, 2026

PubMed

High-salt diet aggravates skin inflammation of psoriasis-like mouse model with CCL20‒CCR6 axis further activation.

Epidermal keratinocytes are important for maintaining the skin barrier by interacting with immune cells and environmental stimuli. In this study, we reveal that a high-salt diet aggravated imiquimod-induced skin inflammation in a psoriasis-like mouse model, characterized by activation of the CCL20–CCR6 axis and increased infiltration of CCR6+ γδT cells in skin lesions. In the presence of additional sodium, the mRNA expression of Ccl20 was upregulated in keratinocytes, mediated by JNK/p38–SGK1 pa...

Skin Inflammation

Hu M, Cao H, Zhang L, Xia Y, Zhang J, Xue F, Li X, Zheng J• January 19, 2026

PubMed

Switching From Intravitreal Ranibizumab (Lucentis) to Biosimilar Ranibizumab (Ongavia) Injections: Insights From a Tertiary Care Eye Centre.

Background: Ranibizumab has been widely used to treat retinal conditions such as wet age-related macular degeneration, diabetic macular oedema, and macular oedema secondary to retinal vein occlusions. In 2022, the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) approved Ongavia, the first biosimilar of ranibizumab. Ongavia offers comparable efficacy and safety, with a similar side effect profile to the original medication, while being more cost-effective. Method: The study was conduc...

Lucentis

Sourla E, Zaheer N, Chavan R• January 19, 2026

PubMed

Assessment of the impact of furosemide use on outcomes in patients with intra-abdominal hypertension: a retrospective cohort study from the MIMIC-IV database.

Objective This study aims to explore the effect of furosemide on the prognosis of patients with intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH). Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted utilizing data extracted from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) database. The analysis encompassed adult patients diagnosed with intra-abdominal hypertension. The exposure factor in this study was defined as the administration of furosemide during the intensive care unit (ICU) stay. Th...

Furosemide

Wang J, Zhang X, Wang Z, Wang Z, Yin Y, Li J, Wei Y, Feng Q, Hang X, Wang Y, Wu F, Xia L, Zhu M, Xiao Y, Liu X, Zhuang J• January 19, 2026

PubMed

Impact of Clinical Pharmacist Intervention on Perioperative Antimicrobial Prophylaxis in Hysteroscopic Surgery: A Retrospective Study.

Objective Perioperative prophylactic antimicrobial use for hysteroscopic surgery is suboptimal, even with guidelines and official policies in place. This study aimed to assess the role of clinical pharmacists in the management of perioperative prophylactic antimicrobial therapy in hysteroscopic surgery and to analyze its impact on clinical outcomes and cost-effectiveness. Methods This retrospective study reviewed hysteroscopic surgery cases at a tertiary-level Class A hospital from September...

Pharmacist

Sun X, Niu X, Zhang R, Hu Y, Li L• January 19, 2026

PubMed

Influence of enamel and dentin thickness on SpO2 readings by pulse oximeter in bleached teeth.

Abstract The objective of this study was to analyze the influence of different enamel and dentin thicknesses on oxygen saturation (SpO₂) readings after dental bleaching. A total of 26 extracted human anterior teeth, sound and without defects, were used. The crown thickness was measured at the middle third using a thickness gauge. Color was evaluated with a spectrophotometer, and SpO₂ readings were obtained through a pulse oximeter coupled to an optical digital simulator, under two perfusion con...

Pulse Oximeter

Nicaloski CFFS, Rodrigues DHN, Savaris JM, Silva ELD, Dotto MEP, Volpato CÂM, Garcia LDFR, Teixeira CDS• January 19, 2026

PubMed

Spontaneous Right Pneumothorax Manifesting as ST-Segment Elevation on ECG.

Background Electrocardiographic (ECG) findings in right-sided pneumothorax are clinically variable. This case details ECG changes characterized by ST-segment elevation in the high lateral leads, offering insights for clinical management, diagnosis, and treatment. Case Summary A 63-year-old woman with spontaneous pneumothorax was admitted with severe cough and chest tightness. Her ECG revealed ST-segment elevation in leads I and aVL. Cardiogenic causes were excluded after further examination,...

Ecg

Liu L, Ye T, Tao W, Xia P• January 19, 2026